Fears are growing that Ukraine may lose 150,000 cows – one-third of its national herd – if the war with Russia does not stop by the end of this year.
Amid the ongoing hostilities, analysts estimate about 50,000 cows have already been lost, by either being bombed, shot or having succumbed to disease.
Due to communication problems, it is difficult to estimate exact numbers of livestock losses as small, private dairy farms have also suffered badly.
See also: Video of destroyed dairy farm in Ukraine sparks outrage
Meanwhile, concerns are growing that milk products destined for export from Ukraine to Asia and Africa will deteriorate if they are left accumulating in warehouses for much longer.
Hanna Lavreniuk, general director of the Association of Milk Producers (AVM) in Ukraine, said some dairy farmers are barely surviving. She accused Russian troops of cynically and purposefully destroying dairy farming capacity.
A diseased dairy cow © Association of Milk Producers (AVM) in Ukraine
Farms ‘barely surviving’
“Farms in the frontline and occupied territories are barely surviving, often without electricity, communication, or the ability to deliver food,” said Ms Lavreniuk.
“This is the situation in Kharkiv and Kherson regions, a number of regions of Zaporizhzhia region, Donetsk and Luhansk regions. The losses of the industrial sector are at least 50,000 heads, which in monetary terms is US$80m [£66.4m].”
According to the AVM, there were more than 420,000 cows in the industrial sector in Ukraine at the start of 2022, and the productivity of animals was an average of 6,860kg a cow a year.
The association calculated that with an increase in productivity to 8,500-9,000kg a cow, Ukraine should have at least 600 dairy herds to meet domestic needs and use the export potential.
Support needed
After the end of the active phase of the war, Ukraine will need help from the partner countries for the rapid restoration of dairy herds, Ms Lavreniuk said.
“In the first year after the active phase of the war, Ukraine will have to replace at least 50,000 lost heads. We will greatly need such help. Although Ukraine is a producer of breeding livestock, its own potential is not enough,” she explained.
“It takes at least two years to grow a productive cow on the farm. In Ukraine, there is no such time for recovery. We need support in the form of delivery of heifers aged five to six months, so that they will quickly produce offspring and be able to restore the herd.”
